home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- NATION, Page 26How Many Iraqi Soldiers Died?
-
-
-
- One of the shadows dimming the exuberant mood of the victory
- parades is the thought of the masses of Iraqi soldiers killed.
- In one of the most lopsided battles in history, 389 Americans
- were killed and 357 were wounded; other allied forces suffered
- 77 dead and 830 wounded. But how many Iraqis died? No one
- really knows or probably ever will.
-
- In response to a Freedom of Information Act request filed
- by the Natural Resources Defense Council, an environmental
- group, the Defense Intelligence Agency last week released an
- internal estimate of 100,000 Iraqi soldiers killed, 300,000
- wounded. But DIA said those figures had an "error factor of 50%
- or higher" -- to a statistician, a grotesque number. The
- Pentagon has little wish to refine its figures either. It has
- strained to avoid both the derision aroused by the body counts
- announced during the Vietnam War and anything that might sound
- like a callous boast. Some other assessments indicate the U.S.
- figures may be too high. Postwar visitors to Iraq have not seen
- enough injured veterans to justify a wounded-in-action figure
- anywhere near 300,000. British officials estimate Iraqi losses
- of 30,000 dead, 100,000 wounded -- a bare third of the
- Pentagon's count.
-
- All these numbers are based on a series of extrapolations.
- First, calculate the approximate number of enemy troops on hand
- at the beginning of the war. Then, subtract the number of
- prisoners and the estimated total of deserters. Finally, apply
- to the remaining force standard ratios: of each 10 soldiers
- engaged, say, so-and-so many can be counted as killed, so-and-so
- many wounded.
-
- The starting figures are derived from several sources:
- satellite and aerial-reconnaissance photos, interrogation of
- prisoners of war, reports from spies and special forces
- operating behind enemy lines, historical ratios of what
- percentages of forces engaged have been killed or wounded in
- past battles. Actual counts of corpses in the gulf war were
- uncommon. Most dead Iraqis were buried hastily by their comrades
- before the ground war or by Saudi soldiers after it, with little
- or no tally.
-
- The gulf war was fought largely by air attacks against
- ground forces. Allied officers have tried to calculate the
- casualties from the numbers of tanks, other vehicles and
- artillery pieces destroyed. But aerial photography cannot
- disclose, for example, how many men a wrecked armored personnel
- carrier might have carried, let alone how many were killed or
- wounded or escaped unharmed.
-
- Also, the U.S. figure of 540,000 enemy soldiers in Kuwait
- and southern Iraq when the war began seems much too high. It
- was based on satellite photos from which allied commanders
- counted the number of divisions deployed. But later interviews
- with prisoners indicated that many of the units were well below
- their official strength. Prisoner interrogations also hinted
- that desertions were even higher than the 150,000 the Pentagon
- estimated. Allied troops at the start of the ground war found
- the Iraqi defenses surprisingly thinly manned. So there may not
- have been enough Iraqis on hand to suffer 400,000 casualties,
- even if every last one was killed or wounded.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-